US States With Bitcoin Reserves
3 states have passed laws that let them hold bitcoin — Arizona, New Hampshire, Texas — and Texas is the only one known to have bought any (through BlackRock's IBIT, then moving to direct custody). Bills were proposed in many more states and failed. Connecticut went the other way and banned state crypto investments.
Holdings reviewed October 2026 · values at $80,559 per bitcoin (live) · 20,103,475 BTC mined
States with a reserve law
| State | What the law does |
|---|---|
| Arizona | HB 2749 (signed May 7, 2025) created a Bitcoin and Digital Assets Reserve Fund built from unclaimed digital assets held in their original form. Gov. Hobbs vetoed SB 1025, SB 1373 and HB 2324 in 2025. |
| New Hampshire | HB 302 (signed May 6, 2025) was the first state reserve law. It lets the state treasurer invest up to 5% of certain funds in precious metals and digital assets with a market cap above $500 billion, which in practice means only bitcoin. No purchases were reported as of August 2026. |
| Texas | SB 21 and HB 4488 (signed June 2025) created the Texas Strategic Bitcoin Reserve. The state bought $5 million of BlackRock's IBIT ETF on November 20, 2025, and held about $10 million of bitcoin exposure by May 2026. It named an advisory committee on May 28, 2026, and sought a custodian to move to directly held bitcoin. |
Reserve bills elsewhere
| State | Status |
|---|---|
| Alabama | A 2025 reserve bill (SB 283) was proposed but not enacted. |
| Connecticut | Connecticut went the other way in 2025: P.A. 25-66 (HB 7082, signed June 30, 2025) bars the state from investing in or holding virtual currency, including through a reserve. |
| Florida | Reserve bills HB 487 and SB 550 were withdrawn in 2025, and SB 1038 and HB 1039 died in committee in March 2026. |
| Georgia | A 2025 reserve bill (SB 178) was not enacted. |
| Illinois | A Strategic Bitcoin Reserve bill (HB 1844) was introduced in 2025 but not enacted. |
| Iowa | A 2025 bill (HF 246) to let the state invest public funds in digital assets was not enacted. |
| Kansas | Bitcoin reserve bill SB 352 died in committee on April 10, 2026. |
| Kentucky | A 2025 bill (HB 376) to allow state investment in digital assets was not enacted. |
| Maryland | A 2025 Strategic Bitcoin Reserve bill (HB 1389) was not enacted. |
| Massachusetts | Reserve and reserve-study bills were filed in 2025 but not enacted. |
| Michigan | A Strategic Bitcoin Reserve bill (HB 4087, 2025) was not enacted. |
| Minnesota | A 2025 bitcoin bill (HF 2308) was not enacted. |
| Missouri | Reserve bills did not become law: SB 614 in 2025, and HB 2080 in 2026, which cleared a House committee in March 2026. |
| Montana | A bill allowing investment in digital assets and precious metals (HB 429) failed on the House floor in 2025. |
| New Mexico | A Strategic Bitcoin Reserve bill (SB 275, 2025) was not enacted. |
| North Carolina | Reserve bills HB 92 and SB 327 (2025) were not enacted. |
| North Dakota | A 2025 reserve bill (HB 1184) was defeated in the House in February 2025. |
| Ohio | Reserve bills (HB 18 and SB 57) were introduced in 2025 but not enacted. |
| Oklahoma | The Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Act (HB 1203) passed the House but was killed 6-5 in a Senate committee on April 29, 2025. |
| Pennsylvania | A Bitcoin Strategic Reserve bill (HB 2664) never advanced. |
| Rhode Island | A 2025 bill to invest in digital assets and precious metals (H 6007) was not enacted. |
| South Carolina | A Bitcoin reserve bill (H 4256, 2025) was not enacted. |
| South Dakota | A 2025 reserve bill (HB 1202) was killed in committee. A 2026 version (HB 1155), which would let up to 10% of eligible state funds go into bitcoin, was introduced but not enacted. |
| Utah | A provision letting the treasurer invest in bitcoin was stripped from HB 230 before it passed in 2025, so Utah has no reserve. |
| Virginia | A 2025 reserve bill (HB 1716) was not enacted. |
| West Virginia | A 2025 bill to let the state invest in digital assets and precious metals (SB 465) was not enacted. |
| Wyoming | A 2025 bill letting the state invest in bitcoin (HB 201) failed. |
FAQ
Which US states have a bitcoin reserve?
Arizona, New Hampshire, Texas have passed reserve laws. Texas is the only state known to have bought bitcoin exposure.
Does Texas own bitcoin?
Yes. Under SB 21 the state bought $5 million of BlackRock's IBIT in November 2025 and held about $10 million of bitcoin exposure by May 2026, while setting up direct custody.
Is there a federal bitcoin reserve?
An executive order of March 2025 created a US Strategic Bitcoin Reserve from bitcoin already seized by the government. See countries that own bitcoin for the estimated amount.
Compiled by Corgano from SEC filings, company and fund reports, government statements and on-chain analytics (Arkham, BitcoinTreasuries and others), as linked. Figures can lag; holders buy and sell between reports. Found a newer figure? Let us know through the About page.